A Concise Dictionary of Middle English - A. L. Mayhew and Walter W. Skeat

A >> A. L. Mayhew and Walter W. Skeat >> A Concise Dictionary of Middle English

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~PuA deg.eren~ _v_. to poke about, S (9. 96).

~Putten~, _v_. to put, push, PP, W; ~puten~, S; ~puiten~, PP;
~puttide~, _pt. s_., S2; ~potte~, S2; ~pot~, _pl_., S2; ~putten to~,
added, assented, W; ~put~, _pp_., H; ~y-put~, C3; ~i-put~, G.

~Puttynge~, _sb_. pushing, instigation, H.

~Puyssant~, _adj_. powerful, SkD; ~puissant~, S3.--OF. _puissant,
poissant_; Late Lat. *_pocsentem, *possentem_ (cp. It. _possente_),
from Lat. _posse_, to be able; see Constans (Notes, p. 23).

~Puyssaunce~, _sb_. might, power, HD; ~puysaunce~, S3; ~piscence~,
S3.--OF. _puissance, poissance_.

~Pykare~, _sb_. a little thief, Prompt.; ~pykers~, _pl_.,PP.

~Pyke~, _sb_. a pike, pointed pole, staff furnished with a spike,
Prompt.; ~pyk~, S2; ~pykis~, _pl_., thorns, prickles, S3. _Comb_.:
~pyk-staf~, pike-staff, PP.

~Pyken-~ _v_: to pick, to steal, PP, Prompt.; ~picke~,WW; ~pykkand~,
_pr. p_., S3; ~pikid~, _pt. s_., PP. _Comb_,: ~pyke-herneis~,
plunderers of armour, PP; ~pyke-hernois~, PP; ~pyke-purse~, one who
steals a purse, PP; ~picke-purse~, S3; ~pick-purse~, a name for Paris,
S3 (p. 374); ~pike-purs~, C. Cf. ~Picchen~.

~Pykeys~, _sb_. a mattock, tool for digging, Prompt.; ~pykoys~, P;
~pycows~, Voc.--OF. _picois_ (Ducange).

~Pylche~, _sb_. a furred garment, Voc., HD, Prompt.; ~pilche~, S3, HD,
ND. _Comb_.: ~pilche-clut~, a pilch-clout, rag of a pilch,
S.--AS. _pylce_; Lat. _pellicia_, made of fur (Voc.).

~Pylgrim~, _sb_. pilgrim, PP; ~pilegrym~, S; ~pelegrim~, SkD;
~pylgrymes~, _pl_., PP.--Prov. _pellegrins_; Lat. _peregrinus_; cp.
OF. _pelerin_. See ~Peregrin~.

~Pylgrimage~, _sb_. pilgrimage, PP; ~pelrimage~, S.--AF. _pilrymage_;
OF. _pelerinage_.

~Pyment~, _sb_. spiced wine and honey, CM, Voc.; ~pirment~, _nectar_,
Voc., HD; ~pymente~, Prompt.--OF. _piment,pigment_ (Bartsch); Late
Lat. _pigmentum_ (Ducange).

~Pynden~, _v_. to shut in the pound, Cath.; ~punt~, _pr_. jr.,
S.--AS. _pyndan_ (in _for-pyndan)_; cp. Icel. _pynda_. See ~Pound~.

~Pynder~, _sb_. a pindar, pinner, one who impounds stray cattle,
Cath., Bardsley; ~pyndare~, Prompt.; ~pinder~, ND; ~pynner~, Manip.,
Bardsley; ~pinner~, Bardsley.

~Pyne~, _sb_. anguish, torment, S, S3, C2, C3 ~; pyn~, S2; ~pines~,
_pl_., S, S2; ~pynes~, S2; ~pine~, S; ~pinen~, S; ~pynen~,
A2.--AS. _pA-n_; Late Lat. _pe*na_, see Sievers, 69. Cf. ~Peyne~.

~Pynen~, _v_. to torment, S2; ~pinen~, S; ~pyns~, _pr. s_., S2;
~pinede~, _pt. s_., suffered, PP; ~pynede~, S2; ~pined~, _pp_., S;
tormented, S2; ~y-pyned~, S2; ~i-pined~, S.--AS. _pA-nian_(BT).

~Pyning~, _sb_. torture; ~pining~, S. _Comb_.: ~pynyng-stoles~, stools
of punishment, cucking-stools, PP, S2.--AS. _pA-nung_.

~Pynne~, _sb_. pin, peg, bolt, bar, PP; ~pyn~, G.--AS. _pinn_, pin,
peg (BT).

~Pynnen~, _v_. to shut up, enclose, pen, PP; ~pinnen~, PP, S2;
~pennen~, SkD.--AS. _pennan_ (in _on-pennan_).

~Pynoun~, _sb_. a pennon, C; see ~Penoun~.

~Pyony~, _sb_. peony, Prompt.; ~pyon~, Cath.; ~pyany~, Prompt.;
~piones~, _pl_., seeds of the peony, P; ~pyonies~, PP.--OF. _pione,
pion_ (Cotg.); Lat. _p(a)eonia_; Gr. [Greek: paionia], the peony.

~Pyry~, _sb_. storm of wind, gust, Prompt.; ~pyrie~, S3 (p. 437);
~pirie~, HD, Prompt. (_n_); ~pyrry~, Palsg., ND: ~pirrie~, S3, ND;
~perrie~, Prompt, (_n_), ~ND~; ~berrie~, Cotg. (s.v. _tourbillor_);
~berry~, Florio (s. v. _crA cubedscia d'Aicque)_, HD.

~Pyt~, _sb_. pit, pool, Prompt.; ~put~, S. PP; ~pit~, S; ~pytte~,
Prompt.; ~putte~, S, PP, S2; ~pette~, S2.--AS. _pytt_; Late
Lat. *_putius_; Lat. _puteus_.

~Quad~, _adj_. and _sb_. evil, bad, the Evil One, MD, C2; ~qued~, MD,
PP; ~cwed~, MD; ~quet~, MD; ~kueade~, _dat_., S2; ~queade~, S2;
~quede~, S2.--AS. _cwead_; cf. Du. _kwaad_.

~Quad~, _pt. s_. quoth, S; see ~QueA deg.ten~.

~Quaile~, _v_. to wither, to die, S3 (28a. 91), SkD, ND. Sh.; to
overpower, intimidate, ND, SkD, Sh.

~Quain~, _sb_. trouble, mourning, S2.--AS. *_hwAin_ (see below).

~Quainen~, _v_. to lament, MD (s. v. _hwenen_A); ~whene~,
MD.--AS. _hwAinan_ (in _Ai-hwA|*nan_, BT).

~Quair~, _sb_. quire, book, S3; ~quayre~, Manip., CM; ~quayer~,
Voc.--OF. _quayer_ (F. _cahier_), Prov. _cazern_ for _cadern_:
It. _quaderno_; Lat. _quaternum_; cp. Late Lat. _quaternio_ a sheet
folded in four (Voc.). See ~Quartern~.

~Quaken~, _v_. to quake, tremble, S2; ~cwakien~, S; ~quakede~,
_pt. s_., PP, MD; ~quok~ (_strong form_), PP; ~quook~, C2, SkD;
~quoke~, S2, H.--AS. _cwacian_.

~Quakynge~, _sb_. trembling, Prompt., MD; ~quakyng~,
W.--AS. _cwacung_.

~Qual~, _sb_. whale, MD, Cath. (_n_); ~qwal~, Prompt.; ~qwaylle~,
Cath.; ~quale~, S2; ~whal~, W2; ~hwel~, MD; ~qualle~, _pl_., S2,
Cath. (_n_); ~quhalis~, S3, Cath. (_n_).--AS. _hwA|l_.

~Qualm~, _sb_. death, pestilence, S2, H; ~cwalm~, MD; ~qualme~,
_dat_., C.--AS. _cwealm_. See ~Quelen~.

~Quarel~, _sb_. a square-headed cross-bow bolt, quarrel, WA, SkD;
~quarelle~, S2; ~quarrel~, WA, ND.--AF. _quarel_, cross-bow bolt; Late
Lat. _quadrellum_ (ace.), a quarrel, a square tile, dimin. of
Lat. _quadrus_, square.

~Quarere~, _sb_. quarry, Prompt.; ~quareres~, _pl_.,
S2.--OF. _quarriere_ (Cotg.); Late Lat. _quadraria_, quarry,
deriv. from _quadrus_. See above.

~Quartern~, _sb_. prison; ~cwarterne~, _dat_., MD; ~quarterne~, S,
MD.--AS. _cweartern_, prison, perhaps for AS. _quatern_, 'quaternio'
(OET). Cp. Fr. _caserne_ (Sp. _caserna_), barracks; Lat. _quaterna_
(see Brachet); an etym. illustrated by the Fr. sea-term _casernet_,
log-book, a deriv. of Lat. _quaternum_, see Diez, p. 755
(s. v. _cahier_).--See ~Quair~.

~Quarteroun~, _sb_. a quarter, P, HD; ~quartrun~, PP.

~Quat, QuaA deg.~, _pt. s_. quoth, S; see ~QueA deg.en~.

~Quatriuials~, _sb. pl_. the quadrivials, the quadrivium, the four
higher sciences: astrology, geometry, arithmetic, music, S3
(14. 511).--From Late Lat. _quadrivium_, the four mathematical
sciences; in Lat. a place where four ways meet.

~Quave-mire~, _sb_. quagmire, HD; ~Quamier~, DG.

~Quauen~, _v_. to shake, S2, PP, Prompt.; ~quave~, HD, JD, DG.

~Quauynge~, _sb_. shaking, MD.

~Quayle~, _v_. to curdle, to coagulate, Palsg., Prompt.,
Manip.--OF. _coailler_ Lat. _coagulare_.

~Quaynt~, _adj_. prudent, wise, H; ~quaynte~, quaint, curious, WA; see
~Coint~.

~Quayntis~, _sb_. wisdom, prudence, H; see ~Cointise~.

~Quayre~, _sb_. quire, book, CM see ~Quair~.

~Queade~, _sb_. evil, iniquity, S2; see ~Quad~.

~Queale~, _sb_. a blister, pimple, _pupula_, Manip.; see ~Whele~.

~Quecchen~, _v_. to shake, MD; ~qvycchyn~, Prompt.; ~quytche~, Palsg.;
~quitch~, Cotg. (s. v. _oeil_); ~cwehte~, _pt. s_., MD; ~quehte~,
MD.--AS. _cweccan_..

~Qued~, _adj_. bad, S2, PP; see ~Quad~.

~Quedschipe~, _sb_. wickedness, MD;-~queadschipe~, S; ~cweadschipe~,
S.

~Queere~, _sb_. quire, choir, Prompt.; ~queer~, W2; ~quere~, W2;
~queir~, S3.--OF. _choeur_ (Cotg.); Lat. _chorum_ (acc.); Gr. [Greek:
choros].

~Quek~, _adj_. living, S2; see ~Quik~.

~Quelen~, _v_. to die, MD; ~cwelen~, MD,--AS. _cwelan_, pt. _cwA|l_
(pl. _cwA|*lon_), pp. _cwolen_. Cp. OHG. _qauelan_, 'cruciari'
(Tatian).

~Quellen~, _v_. to kill, S, S2, C3, C; ~quelde~, _pt. s_., S;
~cwelled~, _pp_., S.--AS. _cwellan_; cp. OHG. _quelen_ 'cruciare'
(Tatian), _quellen_ (Otfrid).

~Quellere~, _sb_. executioner, MD.--AS. _cwellere_.

~Queme~, _adj_. pleasing, S, MD; ~qweme~, convenient, WA; ~cweme~, S;
~wheme~, MD.--AS. _(ge)cwA(C)me_, from _c(w)A cubedm_, pt. of _cuman_;
cp. OHG. _(bi)queman_, to come to, to suit, fit (Otfrid); see Kluge
(s. v. _bequem_). See ~Comen~.

~Quemeful~, _adj_. placable, W2.

~Quemen~, _v_. to please, S, H, PP; ~cwernen~, S; ~cwemde~, _pt. s_.,
S; ~i-quernd~, _pp_., S; ~i-cwemet~, S.--AS. _cwA(C)man_.

~Quenchen~, _v_. to quench, S, Prompt,; S3, SkD; ~cwennkenn~, S;
~queynte~, _pt. s_., MD, S2; ~queynt~, _pp_., MD, C; ~y-kuenct~, S2;
~quenchid~, W2.--AS. _cwencan_.

~Quene~, _sb_. queen, wife, woman, quean, S, C2, C3. WA; ~quen~, S, C;
~cuen~, S; ~kuen~, MD; ~kwene~, S; ~cwene~, MD.--AS. _cwA(C)n_;
cp. OHG. _quena_, wife (Otfrid); for, root see Brugmann, ASec. 467, 3.

~Quene~. It should be noted that E. _queen_ is not precisely the same
word as E. _quean_. For _queen_ is the phonetic equivalent of
AS. _cwA(C)n_, Goth, _kwe*ns_, whereas _quean_ represents AS. _cwe*ne_,
Goth. _kwi*no_. [Addition]

~Querel~, _sb_. a complaint, dispute, quarrel, S2, W2; ~querele~,
SkD.--AF. _querele_\ Late Lat. *_querella_, for Lat. _quere*la_.

~Querne~, _sb_. hand-mill, C2, Prompt., Palsg., MD; ~queerne~,
W.--AS. _cweorn_; cp. Goth, _kwairnus_; see Brugmann, ASec. 442.

~Querrour~, _sb_. quarry-man, CM. See ~Quarere~.

~Quest~, _sb_. an inquiry, jury, verdict, G.--OF. _queste_, a quest
(Cotg.). _Quest_ is used for the proper legal term _enquest_;
OF. _enqueste_.

~Queste~, _sb_. will, bequest, G; ~quiste, S~. A corrupt form of
~Quide~ (q.v.), influenced by the above word.

~QueA deg.en~, _v_. to speak, MD; ~cweA deg.en~, S, MD; ~cwaA deg.~, _pt. s_., S;
~cweA deg.~, S; ~queA deg.~, S; ~quaA deg.~, S, S2; ~quoA deg.~, S; ~quat~, S; ~quad~, S;
~quod~, S, S2, C2; ~koth~, S3; ~couth~, MD; ~cothe~, MD; ~hwat~, MD;
~wat~, S; ~ko~, S3; ~i-cwede~, _pp_., S.--AS. _cweA deg.an_, pt. _cwA|A deg._
(pl. _cwA|*don)_, pp. _ge-cweden_.

~Queynt~, _adj_. prudent, fine, quaint, MD; ~queynte~, S3, C2, MD; see
~Coint~.

~Queynte~, _pt. s_. was extinguished, S2; see ~Quenchen~.

~Queyntelich~, _adv_. skilfully, neatly, MD; ~queynteli~, S3; see
~Cointeliche~.

~Queyntise~, _sb_. skill, S3; see ~Cointise~.

~Quide~, _sb_. speech, bequest, MD; ~cwide~, S, MD.--AS. _cwide_;
cp. OHG. _quiti_, 'testimonium' (Tatian). See ~QueA deg.en~.

~Quidities~, _sb. pl_.; S3.--From Late Lat. _quiditas_, a term of the
Schoolmen; that which relates to the essence of a thing, having
reference to the question _quid est_, what is it?
Cp. OF. _quidditatif_, 'quidditative, doubtful, full of quirks,
contentions, wrangling' (Cotg.).

~Quik~, _adj_. and _adv_. living, quick, flowing (of water), S, S2, W;
~quic~, S, S2; ~quek~, S2; ~quyk~, S3, W, W2; ~cwic~, S; ~cwike~, S;
~cwuce~, S; ~quicke~, S; ~quike~, _pl_., S, S2; ~quyke~, S, C;
~quycke~, S3.--AS. _cwic_ (_cuc_); cp. OHG. _quek_ (Otfrid).

~Quikie~, _v_. to cause to revive, also, to be kindled, PP; ~quike~,
C3; ~quyke~, C; ~cwikien~, MD.--AS. _cwician_.

~Quikliche~, _adv_. quickly, PP; ~quicliche~, S2.

~Quiknen~, _v_. to give life, to receive life, SkD; ~quykene~, W, W2.

~Quiste~, _sb_. will, bequest, S; see ~Queste~.

~Quiten~, _v_. to repay, PP; see ~Quyten~.

~Quitter~, _sb_. filth that runs from a wound, HD: ~quytur~,
rottenness, HD; ~quytere~, W2; ~quitture~, DG.

~Quod~, _pt. s_. quoth, S, S2, C2; see ~QueA deg.en~.

~Quok~, _pt. s_. quaked, C2; see ~Quaken~.

~Quoynte~, _adj_. skilful, MD, HD; see ~Coint~.

~Quoynteliche~, _adv_. skilfully, MD; see ~Cointeliche~.

~Quoyntyse~, _sb_. quaintness of dress, PP; ~quointise~, stratagem,
S2; see ~Cointise~.

~Quyk~, _adj_. living, moving, S3, W, W2; see ~Quik~.

~Quyk-myre~, _sb_. quagmire, S3.

~Quyknar~, _sb_. giver of life, S3.

~Quyr-boilly~, _sb_. boiled leather, used for making defensive armour,
C2.--OF. _cuir bouilli_ (Cotg.).

~Quyrry~, _sb_. the quarry, the dog's share in the slaughtered game,
S3; ~quyrre~, SkD (s.v. _quarry_, p. 824); ~guerre~,
SkD.--OF. _cuiree_; Late Lat. _coriata_, from Lat. _corium_, hide,
skin (OF. _cuir_).

~Quyten~, _v_. to requite, repay, settle, satisfy, S2, C2, C3, PP, W,
H; ~quiten~, S2, PP; ~quitte~, _pt. s_. G; ~qwit~, H; ~quyt~, _pp_.,
PP; ~y-quit~, C2.--OF. _quiter_; Late Lat. _quietare_.

~Quytly~, _adj_. quite, H; ~whitely~, H.

~Quytter~, _v_. to twitter, S3.

~Quytur~, _sb_. rottenness, HD (p. 66o); see ~Quitter~.

~Ra~, _sb_. roe, deer, CM; see ~Roo~.

~Rabete~, _sb_. a war-horse; ~rabett~, HD; ~rabyghte~, HD; ~rabetis~,
_pl_., WA.--Icel. _rAibA-tr_, an Arabian steed; cp. Icel. _rAibitar_,
Arabs, see CV; cp. OF. _arrabi_ (BH).

~Rac~, _sb_. driven vapour, S2; see ~Wrak~.

~Rachenteges~, _pl_. chains, S; see ~Rak-en-teie~.

~Racke~, _v_. to stretch rent to its full value,
S3. Cp. ODu. _racken_, to rack, _recken_, to stretch, reach out.

~Rad~, _adj_. afraid, S2, SD, H, JD, B; ~redd~, WA; ~rade~, S2, H;
~radde~, S2.--Icel. _hrA|ddr_.

~Rad~, _pt. s_. rode, S2; see ~Riden~.

~Rad~, _adj_. quick, S; ~rade~, ready, S; see ~RaA deg.e~.

~Radde~, _pt. s_. advised, S2; see ~Reden~.

~Raddour~, _sb_. violence, WA; see ~Reddour~.

~Rade~, _sb_. road, S2; see ~Rode~.

~Radnesse~, _sb_. terror, SD; ~radnes~, B.

~Radyous~, _adj_. radiant, shining, S3; ~radious~, S3; ~radius~,
S3.--Lat. _radiosus_; cp. F. _radieux_. See ~Ray~.

~RA|d~, _sb_. advice, counsel, S; see ~Rede~.

~RA|h~, _adj_. fierce, cruel, SD, S; ~reh~, SD.--AS. _hrA(C)oh_.

~RA|ueden~, _pt. pl_. spoiled, S; see ~Reuen~.

~RA|ueres~, _sb. pl_. robbers, S; see ~Reuere~.

~Rafte~, _pt. s_. reft, robbed, C2; see ~Reuen~.

~Rage~, _sb_. madness, S2.--AF. _rage_; Lat. _rabiem_.

~Rage~, _v_. to toy wantonly, C; ~ragid~, _pp_., been wanton, WA.

~Ragerie~, _sb_. wantonness, CM.

~Raght~, _pp_. reached, S2; see ~Rechen~.

~Ragman~, _sb_. a craven, the devil; ~rageman~, PP; ~raggeman~,
PP.--Icel. _ragr_ (for _argr_), craven, cowardly.

~Ragman-roll~, _sb_. the craven's roll, a term in Scottish history,
JD, ND; a game, HD; ~ragman's rewe~, a long jest, DG; ~ragmanrew~,
_series_, Manip. Hence ~ragman~, a deed sealed, a papal bull, PP;
~ragemon~, S2; ~rageman~, a list, S3; ~ragman~, a tedious story, JD;
~ragment~, JD.--Cp. E. _rigmarole_.

~Rair~, _v_. to roar, S3; see ~Roren~.

~Raiss~, _pt. s_. rose, S2; see ~Rysen~.

~Rake~, _sb_. only in compounds, as in ~erend-rake~, messenger,
SD.--AS. _A|*rend-raca_; cp. Icel. _eyrend-reki_, so _land-reki_, a
king, see CV (s. v. _reki_). See ~Arnd-race~.

~Rake~, _v_. to run, wander, go, S, S3, HD, PP, JD, B; ~rayke~, H, S2;
~raik~, WA, JD; ~reyke~, JD; ~reke~, HD; ~raykande~, _pr. p_.,
S2.--Icel. _reika_, to wander, cp. Swed. _raka_, to run hastily
(Rietz).

~Rake~, _sb_. course, way, WA; ~rakke~, WA.

~Rakel~, _adj_. hasty, rash, CM, SkD (s. v. _rake_); ~rakle~, CM;
~racle~, CM; ~rackel~, JD; ~rakyl~, Manip.; ~rakehell~, a bad fellow,
Manip., ND.--Icel. _reikull_, wandering, unsettled. See above.

~Raken~, _v_. to scrape, diminish, to rake, S, Prompt.; ~raked~,
_pp_., C2.--Icel. _raka_, to scrape, to rake away.

~Rakeil-teie~, _sb_. chain; ~raketeie~, S; ~raketeye~, S;
~rachenteges~, _pl_., S; ~rakenteis~, HD.--AS. _racentA(C)ah_ (Voc.);
_racente_, a chain + _tA(C)ah_, a tye. With _racente_, cp.
Icel. _rekendr_, OHG. _rahhinza_. See ~Rekenthis~.

~Ram~, _sb_. a ram, Prompt.--AS. _ram_ (Voc.).

~Ramage~, _adj_. wild, CM. HD.--OF. _ramage_, wild (of a hawk), living
in the branches (Cotg.); Late Lat. *_ramaticum_, from _ramus_, a
branch.

~Rammish~, _adj_. strong-scented, C3, CM.

~Ramne~, _sb_. bramble, W2; ~ramyn~, H; ~rammyn~, H.--Lat. _rhamnus_
(Vulg.); Gr. [Greek: rhamnos] (LXX).

~Rampe~, _sb_. an ill-conditioned woman, C2 (_n_), HD.

~Rampen~, _v_. to ramp, to seize or scratch with the paws, to rage,
C2; ~raumpe~, S2; ~rawmpide~, _pt. s_., HD.--AF. _raumper_,
OF. _ramper_, to clamber.

~Rande~, _sb_. a strip or slice of meat, S3, HD; ~rand~,
Cotg. (s. v. _giste_), ND.--AS. _rand_, a rim, edge; cp. Swed. _rand_,
a strip, stripe, Icel. _rAnd_ (pl. _randir_).

~Randoun~, _sb_. force, impetuosity, SkD. _Phr_.: ~in a randoun~, in a
furious course, B; ~at randon~, left to one's own force,
SkD.--OF. _randon_, 'the swiftness and force of a strong and violent
stream' (Cotg.); from OTeut *_randa_, a rim; cp. AS. _rand_. See
above.

~Ranke~, _adj_. strong, luxuriant, rebellious, WA, Prompt.; ~rank~,
S3; ~ronk~, S2; ~rang~, HD.--AS. _ranc_; cp. Icel. _rakkr_ (for
_rankr_), straight, upright, bold.

~Ransaken~, _v_. to search, S, PP, C, H.--Icel. _rannsaka_, to search
a house; Icel. _rann_: Goth, _razn_; cp. AS. _rA|sn_ a plank, a beam,
see Sievers, 179.

~Rap~, _sb_. rope, S; see ~Rope~.

~Rap~, _pt. s_. reaped, W; see ~Repen~.

~Rape~, _sb_. haste, S, PP, Prompt.; ~rap~, S2.--Icel. _hrap_, a
falling down.

~Rape~, _adj_. hasty, G; ~rapest~, _superl_., PP.

~Rapeliche~, _adv_. hastily, PP; ~rapely~, G; ~rapelike~, S; ~rapli~,
S2, G; ~rapelier~, _comp_., PP.

~Rapen~, _v_. to hasten, S, PP, Prompt.; ~rappe~, PP; ~rappe adoune~,
to hurry along, PP. _Phr_.: ~rape and renne~, to seize and plunder,
C3; ~rapen and rinen~, C3 (_n_); ~rap and rend~, HD; ~rap or rende~,
Palsg.; ~rap and run~, HD; ~rap and ran~, C3 (_n_); ~rap and reeve~,
C3 (_n_); ~rap and ree~, C3 (_n_).--Icel. _hrapa_, to fall, rush
headlong, hurry.

~Rascall~, _sb_. scrapings, refuse; ~rascaile~, PP; ~rascayle~, an
animal not a beast of the chase, a hart not six years old,
Prompt. (_n_); the common people, Prompt.; ~raskaille~, the common
herd, SkD; ~rascall~, refuse beast, Palsg., ND.; ~rascalles~, _pl_.,
common sort of men, low fellows, villains, S3.--AF. _rascaille_
(_raskaylle_, _raskayle_), a rabble; cp. F. _racaille_; from
OF. _rasquer_, to scrape (Ducange); cp. OIt. _rascare_ (Florio).

~Rascall~, _adj_. common, low, HD; _Comb_.: ~rascall wine~, _tortivum
vinum_, Prompt. (_n_).

~Rase~, _v_. to run, to race, SD, S2; ~rese~, S2; ~reysed~,
_pp_. ridden, C.--AS. _rA|*san_.

~Rase~, _sb_. a race, rush, SkD; ~ras~, SkD, S2; ~rese~, S2; ~res~,
SD, G (_n_); ~rees~, attack, fit of passion, G.--AS. _rA|*s_.

~Rasen~, _v_. to scrape, Prompt.--OF. _raser_; Late Lat. _rasare_,
freq. of Lat. _radere_.

~Rasour~, _sb_. razor, C2, C, W2; ~rasure~, H
(Ps. 51. 2).--OF. _rasoir_; Late Lat. _rasorium_.

~Raspen~, _v_. to rasp, scrape, SkD; ~rospen~, S.--OF. _rasper_;
OHG. _raspA cubedn_, see Weigand.

~Rasse~, _sb_. a raised mound or eminence, a cairn of stones, S2;
~raise~, HD. See ~Reysen~.

~Rat~, _pr. s_. reads, PP; see ~Reden~.

~RaA3/4~, _sb_. advice, S, SD.--Icel. _rAiA deg._.

~Rathe~, _v_. to advise, HD. See above.

~RaA deg.e~, _adj_. quick, swift, SD; ~rad~, quick, S; ~rade~, _pl_., S;
~raddere~, _comp. pl_., S.--AS. _hrA|A deg._, _hreA deg._, also _hrA|d, hred_,
quick, also _rad_. Cp. Chron. ann. 755 (Parker) with the Laud MS.

~Rathe~, _adv_. early, PP, S2, S3; quickly, S, S2; ~reaA deg.e~, S; ~rath~,
B; ~raA deg.er~, _comp_., sooner, rather, PP, S, S2, C2; ~redA3/4er~, S;
~raA deg.est~, _superl_., PP; ~raA deg.este~, S.

~Rathly~, _adv_. quickly, S2; ~reaA deg.liche~, S; ~readliche~, S;
~radeliche~, HD; ~radely~, S2; ~redliche~, S.--AS. _hrA|A deg.lice_.

~Raton~, _sb_. rat, PP, Cath.; ~ratoun~, PP; ~ratones~, _pl_., PP.

~Ratoner~, _sb_. rat-catcher, PP, Voc.; ~ratonere~, PP.

~Ratte~, _sb_. rat, PP; ~rotte~, Voc.; ~rattis~, _pl_., PP.--AS. _rA|t_
(Voc.).

~Ratten~, _v_. to tear, SD.--Cp. MHG. _ratzen_, see Weigand
(s. v. _ratsche_).

~Rattes~, _sb. pl_. rags, S; ~rats~, pieces, shreds, HD.

~Raughte~, _pt. s_. reached, C2; see ~Rechen~.

~Raunson~, _v_. to ransom, redeem, PP.

~Raunsoun~, _sb_. ransom, S2, C; ~raunson~, S2; ~raunsun~, S2;
~raunceoun~, PP; ~ransoune~, B.--AF. _raunson, ranson_, OF. _raA"nson,
reAnASec.on_; Lat. _redemptionem_.

~Raueyn~, _sb_. rapine, prey, W, PP; ~ravyne~, S3; ~ravyn~, Cath.;
~raueyns~, _pl_., W2.--AF. _ravine_; Lat. _rapina_ see BH, ASec. 150.

~Raueynour~, _sb_. robber; ~raueinour~, W; ~rauynour~, W2.

~Ravin~, _adj_. ravenous, S3, Sh.

~Ravin~, _v_. to seize and devour greedily, Sh., WW.

~Ravined~, _adj_. ravenous, Sh.

~Rauischen~, _v_. to seize with violence, PP; ~ravish~, WW;
~raueische~, _imp. pl_., W2; ~rauyschiden~, _pt. pl_.,
W2.--AF. _ravir_ (pr. p. _ravissant_); Late Lat. *_rapi*re_;
Lat. _rapere_.

~Rawe~, _sb_. row, Cath.; ~raw~, B, JD, SkD, S3, S2; ~rowe~, SkD;
~rewe~, C, G, W; ~rewis~, _pl_., S3.--AS. _rAiwe_, _rA|*we_.

~Ray~, _sb_. striped cloth, _rella_, _pannus_, Voc.; _stragulum_,
Voc., Cath., HD; ~raye~, S3; ~rayes~, _pl_., S2, PP. _Comb_.:
~ray-cloth~, striped cloth, W2, Prompt.--AF. _drap de raye_, cloth of
ray, pl. _reies_, OF. _rai_, _raid_; Lat. _radium_ (acc.).

~Rayeres~, _sb. pl_. sellers of _ray_, PP.

~Rayid~, _adj_. striped, Prompt.

~Raykez~, _pr. s_. roams, S2; ~raykande~, _pr. pt_., advancing,
S2. See ~Rake~.

~Rayl~, _sb_. rail, Prompt.; ~raylle~, Cath.--Cp. Low G. _regel_,
G. _riegel_, a bolt; see Kluge.

~Rayle~, _v_. to rail, arrange in a row, S2; ~railed~, _pp_., S2.

~Rayle~, _sb_. a kerchief, Palsg.; see ~Re3*el~.

~Raylle~, _v_. to flow, S3; ~raile~, ND; ~reilen~, SD.

~Raymen~, _v_. to roam about, S2; see ~Romen~.

~Raynes~, _sb_. fine linen of Rheims, WA.--So named from Rheims; see
SkD (p. 815); cp. It. _renso_, fine flax (Diez, p. 393).

~Read~, _sb_. advice, S; see ~Rede~.

~Reade~, _adj_. red, S; see ~Reed~.

~Readen~, _v_. to advise, care for, S; see ~Reden~.

~Readi~, _adj_. ready, S; see ~Redi~.

~Real~, _adj_. real, a term in medieval philosophy; ~reall~,
S3.--OF. _real_; Schol. Lat. _realem_, from _res_.

~Real~, _adj_. royal, CM; ~riall~, S3, PP, CM; ~ryall~, S3, CM;
~ryell~, S3; ~roial~, CM; ~roialler~, _comp_., S2, C3.--OF. _real_,
AF. _roial_, _reial_; Lat. _regalem_.

~Realte~, _sb_. royalty, royal state, PP; ~reaulte~, PP; ~reaute~, PP;
~roialtee~, C3.--AF. _realte_; Late Lat. _regalitatem_.

~Realyche~, _adv_. royally, S2; ~realy~, S2; ~rially~, CM.

~Reame~, _sb_. kingdom, S2; see ~Rewme~.

~Rearde~, _sb_. voice, cry, S2; see ~Rerd~.

~ReaA deg.e~, _adv_. quickly, S; see ~Rathe~.

~ReaA deg.liche~, _adv_. quickly, S; see ~Rathly~.

~Reaume~, _sb_. realm, kingdom, C2, S2; see ~Rewme~.

~Rebekke~, _sb_. a kind of fiddle, SkD; see ~Rybybe~.

~Rebounden~, _v_. to re-echo; ~rebownden~, to sound again, _reboare_,
Prompt.; ~rebounde~, _pt. s_., S2.--AF. _rebundir_, to re-echo,
cp. OF. _bundir_, to resound (Roland, 3119); inchoative verb, from
Late Lat. _bombitare_.

~Receyt~, _sb_. receipt, recipe, retreat, Prompt., Manip.; ~receit~,
C3, WW, Manip., S3; ~receite~, WW; ~reset~, place of refuge,
B.--AF. _receite_; Late Lat. _recepta_ (Ducange).

~Reche~, _sb_. smoke, S3; see ~Reke~.

~Recheles~, _adj_. careless, S, PP; ~reccheles~, PP; ~retcheles~, S3;
~rekkeles~, S3; ~recchelees~, S2, C2; ~rechlesse~,
S3.--AS. _rA(C)celA(C)as_, also _reccelA(C)as_.

~Rechelesnesse~, _sb_. carelessness, PP; ~recchelesnes~, PP.

~Rechen~, _v_. to care, reck, S, HD; ~reke~, H; ~recche~, S, HD, S2,
C2; ~rekke~, HD, C2; ~rekA3/4~, _pr. s_., S; ~reches~, S2; ~ro3*te~,
_pt. s_., S; ~roughte~, C2; ~roght~, H; ~rohten~, _pl_., S; ~roucht~,
_pt. s., subj_., S2.--AS. _rA(C)can_: OS. _rA cubedkian_; also, AS. *_reccan_.

~Rechen~, _v_. to explain, S; ~rA|cchen~, to relate, S; ~rechede~,
_pt. s_., S.--AS. _reccan_: OS. _rekkian_: OHG. _rachjan_, in OtfrA-d
_rachA cubedn_.

~Rechen~, _v_. to reach, attain, SkD, PP; ~rauhte~, _pt. s_., PP, S2;
~rau3*te~, PP; ~raghte~, PP; ~raughte~, C2; ~raught~, S3; ~raght~,
_pp_., S2.--AS. _rA|*can_ (BT), also _rA|*cean_, to get into one's
power, pt. s. _rA|*hte_, see Sievers, 407.

~Reclayme~, _v_. to bring a hawk to the wrist by a call, C3;
~recleymyn~, to make tame, Prompt.; ~recleymyd~, _pp. redomitus_ (used
of hawks), Prompt.--OF. _reclaimer, recleimer, reclamer_;
cp. AF. _reclame_, pp., reclaimed (as a falcon).

~Recles~, _sb_. incense, S; see ~Rekels~.

~Recluse~, _sb_. a female anchorite, SkD; 'ankyr, _anachorita_'
Prompt.--AF. _reclus_; _recluse_, a f. pp. from OF. _reclure_, to shut
up; Late Lat. _recludere_.

~Recluse~, _sb_. convent, monastery, S3.--OF. _recluse_

~Reclused~, _pp_. shut up, withdrawn from the world, PP.

~Recognisance~, _sb_. an obligation binding one over to do some
particular act, S3, SkD.--AF. _reconisance_, OF. _recoignisance_.

~Recomand~, _v_. to commend, S2, C3; ~recomaundiA3/4~,
PP.--OF. _recommander, recumander_.

~Reconforte~, _v_. to comfort, C; ~reconforted~, _pp_.,
P.--OF. _reconforter_; cp. AF. _recunforter_.

~Reconsyle~, _v_. to recover, regain the possession of; ~reconsyled~,
_pp_., S2; ~recounselid~, W.--AF. _reconciler_; Lat. _reconciliare_,
to reconcile, re-establish, restore.

~Record~, _sb_. witness, S3, WW; ~recorde~, PP.--AF. _record_,
OF. _recort_, mention (Bartsch).

~Recorde~, _v_. to call to mind, C, PP; ~recorded~,
_pt. pl_. declared, PP.--OF. _recorder_; Late Lat. _recordare_;
Lat. _recordari_.

~Recoure~, _v_. to recover, PP; ~recour~, HD; ~recure~, HD; ~recured~,
_pp_., S3.--AF. _recoverer_; OF. _recourer_, _recouvrer_;
Lat. _recuperare_.

~Recours~, _sb_. recourse, C2.--AF. _recours_, _soleill recours_,
sunset.

~Recouerer~, _sb_. restorer, saviour, S2.

~Recrayed~, _pp_. defeated, PP. See below.

~Recreaunt~, _adj_. recreant, defeated, CM, PP; ~recreant~,
PP.--AF. _recreaunt_, OF. _recreAnt_, giving up the contest; Late
Lat. _recredentem_.

~Recueil~, _sb_. a collection, compilation, DG; ~recuyell~, S3;
~recule~, HD.--OF. _recueil_ (Cotg.).

~Recule~, _v_. to recoil, S3, Palsg., SkD, ND.--OF. _reculer_.

~Reculyng~, _sb_. recoiling, S3.

~Recure~, _sb_. recovery, S3.

~Recure~, _v_. to recover, HD; see ~Recoure~.

~Reddour~, _sb_. violence, rigour, HD, Trevisa (3. 313); ~raddour~,
WA.--OF. _rador_, later _roideur_ (Cotg.); from _rade_, _roide_;
Lat. _rigidum_.

~Rede~, _adj_. red, C2; see ~Reed~.

~Rede~, _adj_. ready, WA; ~redeliche~, _adv_., PP; ~redeli~,
S2.--AS. _(ge)rA|*de_: Goth. _(ga)raids_.